Stable Coexistence in a Field-Calibrated Individual-Based Model of Mangrove Forest Dynamics Caused by Inter-Specific Crown Plasticity

(1,2) In this theoretical study, we apply MesoFON, a field-calibrated individual-based model of mangrove forest dynamics, and its Lotka–Volterra interpretations to address two questions: (a) Do the dynamics identical red species that compete for light resources avoid inter-specific competition by lateral crown displacement follow predictions classical theory or resource theory? (b) Which mechanisms drive in presence plasticity when local is combined with global localized seed dispersal? (3) qualitative support theory, can stably coexist within MesoFON. However, total standing stock at equilibrium matched carrying capacity single species. Therefore, “non-overyielding” rather than classic one approximated best observed behavior. Mechanistically, moved heterospecific trees apart pushed conspecifics together. Despite competition, community exhibited mean-field dispersal. comparison, dispersal slowed down diminishing strength intra-/inter-specific their difference due restriction competitive race prevails between conspecific clusters. (4) As outcome IBMs mediated resources, conclude override those more are likely successfully communities.